A flip-flop is a bistable multivibrator with how many stable states?

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Multiple Choice

A flip-flop is a bistable multivibrator with how many stable states?

Explanation:
A flip-flop stores one bit by existing in two stable states. Because it’s a bistable device, it has two distinct equilibria it can hold without continuous input: one corresponding to a logic high and the other to a logic low. The cross-coupled feedback maintains whichever state is chosen until an external input changes it, so it can reliably store either 0 or 1. If there were three or four stable states, the device wouldn’t be a simple binary storage element. If there were only one stable state, it wouldn’t retain a value reliably as a memory element. Hence the number of stable states is two.

A flip-flop stores one bit by existing in two stable states. Because it’s a bistable device, it has two distinct equilibria it can hold without continuous input: one corresponding to a logic high and the other to a logic low. The cross-coupled feedback maintains whichever state is chosen until an external input changes it, so it can reliably store either 0 or 1. If there were three or four stable states, the device wouldn’t be a simple binary storage element. If there were only one stable state, it wouldn’t retain a value reliably as a memory element. Hence the number of stable states is two.

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